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Are you concerned about your blood sugar levels or managing diabetes type 2? Understanding what normal blood sugar levels are and how to lower high blood sugar levels can help you improve your health and quality of life. Here are some key facts and tips based on scientific evidence and professional guidance.

Normal Blood Sugar Levels

blood sugar level chart Blood sugar levels, also known as blood glucose levels, refers to the amount of glucose present in your blood. Glucose is a type of sugar that comes from the food you eat and is used by your body for energy. Insulin, a hormone produced by your pancreas, helps your body use or store glucose effectively. When your blood sugar levels are too high or too low, you may experience symptoms such as sweating, fatigue, dizziness, confusion, blurred vision, or even coma or death.

Normal blood sugar levels depend on several factors, including age, gender, fasting status, meal time, physical activity, and health conditions. In general, normal blood sugar levels for adults without diabetes are:

  • Before meals: 80-130 mg/dL (milligrams per deciliter)
  • After meals: less than 180 mg/dL

If you have diabetes, your blood sugar goals may be different and more personalized. Your doctor or diabetes educator can provide you with a blood sugar meter and teach you how to measure and interpret your blood sugar levels at home. Keeping track of your blood sugar levels regularly can help you adjust your diet, physical activity, medication, and overall lifestyle to maintain better blood sugar control.

Diabetes Type 2 Facts

diabetes warning symbol Diabetes type 2 is a chronic condition characterized by high levels of sugar in the blood. It affects millions of people worldwide and can lead to serious complications such as heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, nerve damage, blindness, and amputation. Diabetes type 2 usually develops slowly over time and is linked to several risk factors such as:

  • Being overweight or obese
  • Not being physically active
  • Having a family history of diabetes
  • Having a history of gestational diabetes (during pregnancy) or prediabetes
  • Being older than 45 years

To lower your blood sugar levels and reduce your risk of diabetes type 2, you can:

  • Eat a balanced diet rich in whole grains, vegetables, fruits, lean protein, and healthy fats
  • Avoid or limit sugary drinks, refined grains, processed foods, and saturated or trans fats
  • Exercise regularly for at least 150 minutes per week of moderate intensity or 75 minutes per week of vigorous intensity
  • Lose weight if you are overweight or obese by aiming for a BMI (body mass index) of less than 25
  • Quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption
  • Manage your stress and sleep well

If you have already been diagnosed with diabetes type 2, you can also:

  • Take your medications as prescribed and monitor your blood sugar levels regularly
  • Follow a personalized diabetes management plan that includes lifestyle changes, self-care measures, and regular follow-up with your healthcare team
  • Learn more about diabetes type 2 and its complications by joining support groups or educational programs

By taking care of your blood sugar levels and overall health, you can live a longer, healthier, and happier life with or without diabetes. Remember to consult your healthcare provider before making any significant changes to your diet, exercise routine, medication, or healthcare plan. They can help you ensure that your choices are safe, effective, and tailored to your individual needs and preferences.

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